ICJ Rohingya genocide ruling expected as OIC ministers prepare Baghdad meeting

Advocates urge member states to match rhetoric with protection and accountability

By LineZotpaper
Published
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The International Court of Justice is expected to rule later this year on whether Myanmar’s military committed genocide against the Rohingya, a decision that would mark the first time in the court’s 80-year history that a state has been held responsible for the crime. As the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) prepares to gather foreign ministers in Baghdad on October 17, the founder of the Burma Human Rights Network has called on member governments to take concrete steps to protect the Rohingya rather than issuing further communiqués.

In an opinion piece published by Al Jazeera, the founder of the Burma Human Rights Network said that nine years after Myanmar’s military drove hundreds of thousands of Rohingya from their homes, the persecution has not ended. The Rohingya remain stateless, face continuing violence, and risk death while fleeing by sea. The OIC, which has made Muslim solidarity central to its mission, has held summits and passed resolutions but has failed to protect them, the author argued.

The author noted that survivors of massacres who gave evidence in The Hague relived the worst moments of their lives trusting their testimony would matter. Many remain in Bangladesh, dependent on food assistance worth as little as $7 per person per month. According to UNHCR data cited in the piece, one in seven Rohingya who attempted sea crossings last year was reported dead or missing.

The OIC backed the ICJ case, and the author now addresses the foreign ministers gathering in Baghdad, urging them to refuse to forcibly return Rohingya to Myanmar, protect those who reach their territory, sustain support for refugees in Bangladesh, and agree on diplomatic and economic measures against those responsible for the persecution. The author said some governments that speak about the Rohingya in international meetings do not offer the same protection to those who arrive at their borders. Bangladesh hosts 1.2 million Rohingya and has faced years of pressure to send them back. The OIC must also challenge abuses against the Rohingya by governments outside its membership.

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Analysis

Why This Matters

  • The ICJ ruling could set a landmark precedent for holding states accountable for genocide.
  • The OIC’s credibility on Muslim solidarity is tested by its response to the Rohingya crisis.
  • Rohingya refugees remain in limbo, facing violence and inadequate support; concrete protection measures could save lives.

Background

The Rohingya, a Muslim minority in Myanmar, have faced decades of persecution. In 2017, a military crackdown drove over 700,000 people into Bangladesh, where about 1.2 million remain. The Gambia, backed by the OIC, brought a genocide case against Myanmar at the International Court of Justice. The court is expected to deliver its ruling before the end of 2026. The OIC foreign ministers meet regularly but have been criticised for failing to translate resolutions into action.

Key Perspectives

[Rohing ya advocates]: OIC member states must match their public commitments with actual protection, including halting forced returns and supporting refugees in Bangladesh. [OIC governments]: May issue statements welcoming the ruling and renew promises, but advocates warn that without concrete measures, such communiqués offer no protection. [Critics/Skeptics]: Some OIC members that speak in favour of accountability at international meetings do not protect Rohingya who reach their own borders, undermining their credibility.

What to Watch

  • The outcomes of the October 17 OIC foreign ministers meeting in Baghdad.
  • The timing and content of the ICJ’s ruling on the genocide case.
  • Whether any OIC member governments take or announce measures against those responsible for persecution.
  • Reports of Rohingya being forcibly returned to Myanmar from neighbouring countries.

Sources

Zotpaper

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