The Northern Ireland Assembly debated the no-confidence motions on Monday after unionist parties gave them their backing last week. However, the attempt to remove O'Neill, along with ministers Liz Kimmins, John O'Dowd, and Caoimhe Archibald, failed because the vote required a majority of both unionist and nationalist members to pass.
O'Neill described the move as "pointless." Deputy First Minister Emma Little-Pengelly, who shares the office under power-sharing rules, said O'Neill had "shattered" public confidence and needed to be held accountable.
The votes come amid a major political row over a planned Orange Order march in Portadown, a flashpoint that has repeatedly tested community relations in Northern Ireland.