Vatican AI adviser warns Australian copyright changes risk 'new form of colonialism'

Father Paolo Benanti says allowing foreign AI companies to train on Australian creative works without permission could see profits and tax revenue flow overseas.

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Australia risks reviving a "new form of colonialism" if it allows AI companies to train on copyrighted work without permission and send profits offshore, warned Father Paolo Benanti, an influential AI adviser to the Vatican, during a visit to Australia.

Father Benanti made the remarks when asked about Australia's consideration of copyright changes to attract AI training. He compared the risk to Europe's history of taking resources from other countries and profiting from them elsewhere.

"You go, you take resources, and you monetise it outside the place where the resources [were]," he said. He argued that Australian writing could become another resource used by foreign companies, with the money and tax revenue ending up overseas.

"Is it ... a new form of colonialism from foreign power that could ... exploit from the resources and monetise it outside of the place where they are taken?" he asked. "So is this fair? Is this something that will produce real richness or pay back to Australia? I don't know." He said those were questions he would ask before voting on such a change.

Last month, the ABC reported that the Attorney-General's department was quietly consulting on changes that would mean AI companies could train on copyrighted content unless its owner had opted out. In June, Attorney-General Michelle Rowland told 7.30: "This government has repeatedly said that there are no plans to weaken copyright protections when it comes to AI."

Earlier this week, the federal parliament's AI committee took the unusual step of pre-empting its own process to write a letter urging reforms to pave the way for AI training.

Father Benanti praised Australia's efforts to regulate social media and AI when he met Prime Minister Anthony Albanese last week, and told 7.30 other countries should follow Australia's lead in reining in tech companies with policies like the teen social media ban. He described Australia as being at the "foremost frontier" and defended it against aspersions about the effectiveness of laws like the social media minimum age. He said the essential democratic principle was that "no one should be above the law", including overseas social media companies that could rely on protections in their home countries to avoid other governments' rules.

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Analysis

Why This Matters

  • The proposed copyright changes would affect every Australian writer, artist, and creator whose work could be used to train AI models without direct compensation.
  • If enacted, Australia could become a test case for other nations weighing the tension between attracting AI investment and protecting domestic creative industries.
  • The warning from a prominent Vatican adviser adds a moral and ethical dimension to a policy debate that has largely been framed in economic terms.

Background

Australia is currently consulting on whether to introduce an "opt-out" system for copyright, which would allow AI companies to train on copyrighted works unless the rights holder explicitly prohibits it. This is part of a global debate: countries like Japan and the European Union have adopted different approaches, while the United States faces ongoing lawsuits over AI training data. Father Paolo Benanti, a Franciscan priest and theologian, serves as an AI ethics adviser to the Vatican and has been a vocal advocate for human-centred technology governance.

Key Perspectives

Creators and publishers: The Australian Society of Authors and other industry bodies have argued that an opt-out system places an unfair burden on individual creators to police their own work, and that it could undermine Australia's creative economy. AI companies and tech advocates: Some technology firms and researchers contend that access to diverse, high-quality training data is essential for developing competitive AI models, and that overly strict copyright rules could push AI development overseas. Critics of the proposal: Father Benanti and others warn that the changes could allow foreign corporations to extract value from Australian cultural and intellectual resources without giving back to the local economy, echoing patterns of colonial resource extraction.

What to Watch

  • The timeline of the Attorney-General's consultation and whether draft legislation is introduced.
  • Response from the Australian Labor Party and opposition parties as the debate develops.
  • Moves by other countries and international bodies (including the Vatican) that may set precedent or pressure Australia on AI copyright policy.

Sources

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