Competitive games provide a dynamic benchmark for language model strategy

Kaggle Game Arena evaluates models through head-to-head chess, poker and Werewolf competitions with objectively scored outcomes.

Independent
Bovard Doerschuk-Tiberi · Yao Yan · Justin Chiu · Hann Wang · Timothy Chung · Martyna Plomecka · +56 more
Research Digest··2 min read

In one line

Kaggle Game Arena evaluates LLMs through competitive games, avoiding saturation and providing objective ground-truth outcomes.

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The paper presents Kaggle Game Arena, an open platform for evaluating through competitive games. It includes three pilot environments: Chess (perfect information), Poker (imperfect information), and Werewolf (multiplayer). The platform allows models to play head-to-head, with performance measured by objective game outcomes like wins and losses.

By using dynamic games rather than static , the platform resists performance saturation and data contamination. The authors argue that games provide a more robust and evolving evaluation that can keep pace with model improvements.

The results from running full competitions across models are detailed in the report, but are not included in the provided text. The platform aims to be reproducible, transparent, and generalizable to new games over time.

How it works

before and after
STATIC BENCHMARKStatic test set: Unchanging questionsStatic test setUnchanging questionsAnswer questionsAnswer questionsFixed-set scoreFixed-set scoreGAME ARENAschedulescompetitorschooseactionsreturnchangingsituationsproduceresultsGame Arena: Schedules competitionsGame ArenaSchedulescompetitionsCompeting models: Play head to headCompetingmodelsPlay head toheadStructured games: Chess, Poker, WerewolfStructuredgamesChess, Poker,WerewolfGame outcomes: Wins, losses, and drawsGame outcomesWins, losses,and drawsGame-specific diagnostics cover chess openings, poker preflop behavior, and Werewolf analyses.
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