In a heated exchange on Sunday in Brazil, President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and Senator Flavio Bolsonaro clashed repeatedly in their first debate before the October 25 presidential run-off. The two men called each other “liar” multiple times, traded accusations of corruption, and sparred over issues including public security and healthcare.
Lula said Bolsonaro was “a habitual liar” and a “thug”, and physically distanced himself on stage from the candidate he called a “militiaman”, alluding to alleged ties to paramilitary groups in Rio de Janeiro. Bolsonaro, who led the first-round election with 47 percent to Lula’s 45 percent, responded by saying it was better to keep Lula at a distance “because my wallet could be stolen”. Throughout the debate, Bolsonaro, 45, the son of former President Jair Bolsonaro, paced behind Lula, shaking his head, smirking and scoffing as his adversary spoke.
The 80-year-old Lula, who is seeking a fourth term, demanded an explanation regarding a corruption investigation involving the older Bolsonaro, a question his opponent dodged. Bolsonaro responded by calling Lula a “clown”, and parried by bringing up a potential corruption case involving one of the president’s sons. Lula spent 580 days in prison in 2018 and 2019 on a corruption conviction that was later annulled over flaws in the investigation and legal proceedings. Jair Bolsonaro has been under house arrest while serving a 27-year sentence connected to efforts to overturn the 2022 election, which he lost to Lula.
Cost of living and public spending were also in focus. Flavio Bolsonaro hammered away at top concerns of Brazilians, such as the cost of living and crime, and accused Lula of “reckless spending” to get re-elected, referring to social measures the president has announced during the campaign. Lula countered by asking Bolsonaro about his plans to emulate the drastic public spending cuts implemented by Argentina’s right-wing president, Javier Milei. Bolsonaro dodged the question and pivoted to different topics.
When his father’s handling of the COVID-19 pandemic came up, Bolsonaro admitted that this “wasn’t an area where we saw the best results during Bolsonaro’s presidency. I’ll offer a mea culpa here.” Lula also sought to portray his opponent as out of touch with poor Brazilians, saying Bolsonaro had never used the country’s public healthcare system or taken a bus. “My opponent only knows about buses from books. He has never even stepped foot on one. He has no idea what the world of work is like,” Lula said.
Ahead of the debate, supporters of each candidate gathered in public. Pro-Bolsonaro crowds wearing Brazil’s national colours filled Paulista Avenue in Sao Paulo, where the candidate addressed the crowd. Lula supporters wearing red filled Brasilia’s plaza of government buildings, while students backing the president protested against Bolsonaro in Rio de Janeiro. “We need the current government to remain in power. If another government comes in, we’re, excuse my language, screwed,” said Lula supporter Sonia Maria at the Brasilia rally. “I don’t like bandits. Out with Lula!” said Bolsonaro backer Vera de Sousa in Sao Paulo.
Also on Sunday, Brazil’s federal police asked the country’s Supreme Court to open an investigation into Bolsonaro over a money laundering accusation involving a lawyer close to him. The presidential candidate is already under investigation for his links to Daniel Vorcaro, a disgraced former banker who financed a movie about Jair Bolsonaro’s life.
Polls suggest a close race for the October 25 run-off, with Flavio Bolsonaro holding a slight advantage after finishing nearly 2 percentage points ahead of Lula in the first round on October 4. Both candidates hope to engage the 33 million voters who stayed home in the first round, equal to about one in five eligible voters. A second debate is scheduled for October 23.