Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband told the Iranian ambassador that "Britain will not tolerate threats on our soil" and that Iran's "continued attempts to undermine the UK's security through its criminal networks, proxy groups and state-backed malign activity is unacceptable".
The Foreign Office imposed travel bans and asset freezes on two Iranians, one of whom is the head of the regime's counterespionage operations.
Prime Minister Andy Burnham told MPs on Monday that the incident at the Gloucestershire airbase on September 27 was "almost certainly directed by Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard". He also indicated Iran could face further sanctions.
A major incident was declared after police were alerted to three suspicious vehicles near the base in the early hours. Dozens of homes were evacuated. Seven men, all in their 20s, have been arrested and later bailed. No one has been charged.
Iran has denied any involvement in the incident.