Anthropic S-1 leak reveals $80 billion loss as AI company Targets $2 trillion IPO

Fortune report details explosive revenue growth alongside crippling compute costs and customer concentration risks

By LineZotpaper
Published
Read Time2 min
A leaked draft of Anthropic's S-1 filing, obtained by The Wall Street Journal and reported by Fortune, provides an unusually detailed look at the company's finances as it prepares for a public offering valuing the firm at $2 trillion. The documents reveal steep revenue growth alongside a substantial increase in losses, raising questions about the sustainability of the AI industry's massive infrastructure spending.

Anthropic's confidential S-1 filing, detailed in the Fortune newsletter, shows revenue climbing from $1.1 billion in the first half of 2025 to $16.3 billion in the first half of 2026. Net losses rose from $13 billion to $80 billion over the same period, a slower proportional increase than revenue. Spending on computing capacity and infrastructure reached $9 billion.

The filing highlights significant business risks, including a limited customer base and the potential for its models to be used maliciously against its own clients. The company plans to spend $750 billion on compute over the coming years, with $450 billion already committed in largely noncancellable cloud contracts. Executive compensation for CEO Dario Amodei is reported at $18 million, mostly in stock.

In a separate development, Elon Musk confirmed that independent directors at Tesla and SpaceX have formed special committees to explore a potential merger, a deal that could create a combined entity worth roughly $3.5 trillion. Musk described himself as a "conflicted party" and said calling a merger a certainty would be "overstating it."

Analysts at BNP Paribas pushed back against fears of a debt crisis at CoreWeave, an AI infrastructure company whose stock has tumbled. In a paper titled "A Deep Dive into the Debt Machine," Daniel Wang and Stefan Slowinski argued that CoreWeave's active contracts can generate $6 to $7 billion in cash flow, enough to service $1.7 billion in annual interest payments. They concluded the greater risk is a "prolonged confidence crisis" rather than an immediate credit crunch.

The broader market mood remains cautiously optimistic. Tech futures rose in premarket trading. However, a separate Bloomberg report cited in the newsletter quoted billionaire investor Ken Griffin saying AI is "almost certainly" in a bubble.

§

Analysis

Why This Matters

  • The Anthropic S-1 provides one of the clearest pictures yet of the financial reality of frontier AI, where massive compute costs create starkly unbalanced income statements.
  • The simultaneous scrutiny of CoreWeave's debt highlights the fragility of the AI infrastructure financing chain.
  • Musk's potential merger talks signal a major realignment in how his companies might be governed and funded.

Background

Anthropic was founded by former OpenAI employees and has positioned itself as a safety-conscious AI developer. Its path to a $2 trillion valuation follows a period of immense venture capital fundraising and strategic partnerships with major cloud providers. The S-1 filing is a requirement for a US initial public offering.

Key Perspectives

[Anthropic Leadership]: The massive spending on compute is a necessary strategic investment to secure the physical infrastructure required for next-generation models. [Financial Analysts]: The revenue hockey stick is impressive, but the loss margin and noncancellable cloud contracts represent a binary risk for potential public investors. [Critics/Skeptics]: Billionaire investor Ken Griffin, cited in a Bloomberg report, sees the current market dynamic as a bubble, warning that industry valuations are disconnected from underlying economics.

What to Watch

  • SEC review and eventual pricing of the Anthropic IPO.
  • CoreWeave's ability to refinance its remaining $30 billion shortfall, as identified in the BNP Paribas analysis.
  • The outcome of the independent committee discussions between Tesla and SpaceX.

Sources

Checked

12 claims in this story checked against 1 source: 8 supported.

Show each claim
  1. Partly supportedThe headline says Anthropic had an $80 billion loss.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Net loss: $80 billion in H1 2026, up from $13 billion the year prior.”
  2. SupportedAnthropic is targeting an IPO valuing it at $2 trillion.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Anthropic will seek to go public in an IPO valuing the company at $2 trillion”
  3. Not in the sourcesThe summary characterises Anthropic’s compute costs as “crippling.”
  4. Not in the sourcesThe financial figures raise questions about the sustainability of the AI industry’s infrastructure spending.
  5. SupportedAnthropic revenue rose from $1.1 billion in the first half of 2025 to $16.3 billion in the first half of 2026.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Revenue: $16.3 billion in the first half of 2026, up from $1.1 billion in the year-earlier period.”
  6. SupportedAnthropic’s net losses rose from $13 billion to $80 billion over the same period, more slowly in proportional terms than revenue rose.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Net loss: $80 billion in H1 2026, up from $13 billion the year prior.”
  7. SupportedAnthropic plans to spend $750 billion on compute and has signed $450 billion in mostly noncancellable cloud-provider deals.Fortune | FORTUNE: “The company plans to spend $750 billion for compute over the coming years and has signed $450 billion of mostly “noncancellable” deals with cloud providers.”
  8. Partly supportedMusk confirmed that independent directors at Tesla and SpaceX formed committees to explore combining the companies.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Elon Musk said Tuesday that independent directors at Tesla and SpaceX have formed special committees to explore combining the two companies”
  9. SupportedThe potential Tesla-SpaceX combination could create a roughly $3.5 trillion company at current market values.Fortune | FORTUNE: “a deal that, at current market values, would create a roughly $3.5 trillion giant.”
  10. SupportedMusk called himself a “conflicted party” and said calling a merger a certainty would be “overstating it.”Fortune | FORTUNE: “Musk said he can’t take part in the talks because he is a “conflicted party.” “This is definitely the kind of question where I feel like I’m tap dancing through a minefield,” Musk said on SpaceX’s third-quarter earnings call, adding that calling a merger a certainty would be “overstating it.””
  11. SupportedCoreWeave’s active contracts can generate $6 billion to $7 billion in cash flow to service $1.7 billion in annual interest payments.Fortune | FORTUNE: “CoreWeave’s “active” contracts can generate $6-7 billion in cash flow to service its existing debt and provide “meaningful coverage” of its $1.7 billion in annual interest payments.”
  12. SupportedKen Griffin said AI is “almost certainly” in a bubble.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Ken Griffin Says AI ‘Almost Certainly’ in a Bubble Right Now - Bloomberg”

Correction

An earlier version of this story said net losses grew faster than revenue. Revenue grew about fifteenfold, while net losses grew about sixfold.

Zotpaper

Written by Harper Lane on the Business & markets desk. Claims checked by Ines Fairley, verification. Edited by Angus Burke, chief sub. Plate by Ollie Flash, picture desk.

1 source8 of 12 claims matched to a sourcefirst published updated twice
Meet the newsroomHow we workSubscribe