Broadcast television remains the dominant medium for political advertising in the United States, even as streaming and digital platforms attract a growing share of overall ad spend. AdImpact, an advertising intelligence company, projects that $5.6 billion of this cycle's total political ad spending will go to broadcast companies, which include networks such as NBC, ABC, CBS and Fox along with their local affiliate stations.
"It's still a local game," said Daniel Kurnos, equity research analyst at StoneX, in an interview. "Yes, there are national elections, but you have to win counties. And if you have to win counties, you have to reach voters in these counties." Kurnos noted that broadcast audiences tend to be more politically active, making them a key target for campaigns.
Terry Nelson, national political director for George W. Bush's 2004 reelection campaign and a founding partner of Plus Communications, told CNBC that broadcast spots allow strategists to reach large numbers of voters cost-effectively. He highlighted live sports events, such as NFL games, as particularly effective for delivering broad audiences across demographics.
Brad Seitter, CEO of the local broadcast industry trade group TVB, attributed broadcast's strength to "trust, reach and because it works." In a statement, Seitter said voters trust local broadcast news more than social media, making political ads more credible on that platform. "Nothing moves the needle in polling like running an ad on broadcast TV," he added, citing a TVB study that found 42 percent of Democrats and 49 percent of Republicans considered broadcast or cable television the most influential advertising medium for their vote.
However, some observers suggest habit plays a role. Erik Brydges, head of performance and political demand at ad company Magnite, said that many campaign consultants are simply accustomed to buying TV ads. "There's an old adage out there that no political consultant is ever going to get fired for suggesting buying more TV," he told CNBC.
Major broadcasters are already benefiting from the surge. Nexstar Media Group reported its highest quarterly revenue ever, reaching $1.99 billion in net revenue, with political ads contributing $75 million to legacy Nexstar growth. Gray Media, which Kurnos called "the most efficient political generator" among broadcast groups, has exposure in 12 competitive Senate races and all 11 competitive gubernatorial races. Sinclair and E.W. Scripps also reported strong political ad revenue in their latest quarters, with Scripps recording its highest second-quarter political revenue ever.
While broadcast remains dominant, connected TV (CTV) is the fastest-growing category of political ad spend, forecast to account for 23 percent or $2.7 billion of this cycle's spending, according to AdImpact. Brydges said CTV's share is likely to continue rising as the technology evolves.