Castelion, a startup co-founded by three former SpaceX executives and valued at $13 billion, has secured a U.S. Navy contract worth up to $200 million for its Blackbeard hypersonic missile, which has been designated a program of record. The company is betting it can overcome U.S. testing complications and production issues that have kept the country from fielding its own hypersonic missile, while China and Russia already have them.
Founded in 2022 by Bryon Hargis, Andrew Kreitz and Sean Pitt, Castelion started with a pitch to the Pentagon's Defense Innovation Unit, where the founders said they would compete with Lockheed Martin on affordable hypersonics. The pitch drew laughter. Despite early struggles Hargis used his retirement to fund living expenses the company eventually attracted investment from Andreessen Horowitz and now holds more than $500 million in U.S. government contracts.
Hypersonic missiles travel at at least Mach 5 and are maneuverable, making them hard to track. The U.S. has spent billions on research but has not fully fielded a hypersonic missile of its own, while China and Russia have. The war in Iran has exposed a grim reality: the U.S. is firing missiles faster than it can replace them, by an order of years.
Castelion's Blackbeard can be made for less than $500,000 each, far cheaper than Tomahawks, which can cost millions each. Successful test flights on F/A-18 Super Hornets have been completed. The company is developing a 1,000-acre site in Rio Rancho, New Mexico, that could eventually turn out thousands of Blackbeards annually. Some local residents have reportedly balked at a missile factory, and the company has held regular community meetings.
Blackbeard's designation as a program of record puts it in direct competition with Lockheed's Dark Eagle, an Army hypersonic program that started in 2017 and is reportedly three years behind schedule. An Army spokesperson said Dark Eagle has deployed in support of Indo-Pacific exercises and completed successful flight-test events.
Castelion has grown from 159 employees at the end of 2025 to more than 400. The company's CFO, Andrew Kreitz, said the capability is needed now and that the company must sprint directly at what the country needs. CEO Bryon Hargis argued that hypersonics give the U.S. a credible deterrent, something between economic sanctions and nuclear war. He pushed back against the common criticism that building weapons facilitates war, saying that to deter someone, they must feel there is a consequence.
The founders are aware their weapons could be used for their intended purpose; Kreitz said they mean it when they say deterrence works.
Analysis
Why This Matters
- The US hypersonic gap has strategic implications, and Castelion's success could close it with low-cost, mass-producible missiles that change the economics of long-range fire.
- The company's rise reflects a broader shift in defence procurement, as startups challenge traditional prime contractors on speed and cost.
- The outcome will affect the military balance with China and Russia and the nature of future conflicts.
Background
Hypersonic missiles travel at least Mach 5 and are manoeuvrable, making them hard to intercept. China and Russia have fielded hypersonic weapons, while the US has struggled despite billions in spending. Castelion is part of a new generation of defence startups trying to accelerate development and production.
Key Perspectives
This section has been omitted because the sources report fewer than two distinct positions.
What to Watch
- Castelion's progress in building out its New Mexico production site and scaling to thousands of missiles per year.
- The status of Lockheed's Dark Eagle programme and any further delays.
- Future Navy contracts and flight tests that will determine whether Blackbeard meets operational requirements.
Checked
12 claims in this story checked against 1 source: 12 supported.
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- SupportedCastelion is valued at $13 billion.Fortune | FORTUNE: “That’s the chasm that startup Castelion, valued at $13 billion, is betting it can close”
- SupportedThe U.S. Navy awarded Castelion a contract worth up to $200 million for Blackbeard.Fortune | FORTUNE: “In September, the U.S. Navy awarded Castelion a contract worth up to $200 million for Blackbeard”
- SupportedBlackbeard has been designated a Navy program of record.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Now, Castelion has a program of record with the U.S. Navy.”
- SupportedCastelion was founded by three former SpaceX executives.Fortune | FORTUNE: “Castelion was founded in 2022 by three former SpaceX executives: Hargis, Andrew Kreitz, and Sean Pitt.”
- SupportedCastelion is betting it can overcome U.S. testing complications and production issues that have kept the country from fully fielding its own hypersonic missile.Fortune | FORTUNE: “the U.S. has yet to fully field a hypersonic missile of its own due to testing complications and production issues.”
- SupportedThe founders’ pitch to the Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Unit drew laughter after they said they would compete with Lockheed Martin on affordable hypersonics.Fortune | FORTUNE: “In an early Zoom pitch to the Pentagon’s innovation outfit, the founders said they planned to compete with Lockheed Martin at building affordable hypersonics. The room laughed, Pitt recalls.”
- SupportedCastelion has more than $500 million in U.S. government contracts.Fortune | FORTUNE: “The company currently has over $500 million in U.S. government contracts”
- SupportedHypersonic missiles travel at least Mach 5 and are maneuverable.Fortune | FORTUNE: “A hypersonic missile, definitionally, moves at least at Mach 5”
- SupportedChina and Russia have hypersonic missiles, while the U.S. has not fully fielded one of its own.Fortune | FORTUNE: “China and Russia have them, and the U.S. doesn’t—not really. ... the U.S. has yet to fully field a hypersonic missile of its own”
- SupportedThe war in Iran has highlighted that the U.S. is firing missiles faster than it can replace them, by an order of years.Fortune | FORTUNE: “The war in Iran has crystallized that bleak reality: The U.S. is firing missiles faster than it can replace them, by an order of years.”
- SupportedBlackbeard can be made for less than $500,000 per missile, while Tomahawks can cost millions each.Fortune | FORTUNE: “documents say can be made for less than $500,000 each. (In comparison, Tomahawk missiles can cost millions each.)”
- SupportedThe Army spokesperson said Dark Eagle had deployed in support of Indo-Pacific exercises and completed successful flight-test events.Fortune | FORTUNE: ““Dark Eagle has successfully deployed in support of Indo-Pacific exercises and completed multiple successful flight-test events,” an Army spokesperson said via email.”