Native orchids are prized photographic subjects, but the enthusiasm they inspire carries risks, according to the Landscape Recovery Foundation. "It's not the visit of one person, it's the visit of multiple people to the same place and I think social media plays a big role in this, particularly when we post photos," said Dr Magali Wright of the foundation.
Finding the plants takes skill and patience. "They're very variable but they're also really cryptic and so you have to really know your landscape and your place, so it's like a special discovery," said chief executive Josie Kelman.
Tasmania has more than 200 recorded orchid species, of which 77 are listed as threatened under state legislation. Most threatened populations grow in dry forests and woodlands, grasslands and coastal areas, all of which have suffered "significant loss and modification" since colonisation, according to the flora recovery plan for Tasmania's threatened orchids prepared by the state and federal governments.
The foundation recently held a workshop for photographers to explain the impact visitors can have on the environment, and published a set of recommendations. They include staying on formed tracks, avoiding repeated visits to the same sites, not posting the locations of threatened orchids on social media, using a long lens and tripod so plants can be photographed from a distance, and keeping equipment and footwear clean and dry to avoid spreading weeds and diseases.
The public interest, Dr Kelman said, also helps conservation. "It's very hard to encourage people to act if they don't understand what's there or how they can be part of things. You have to fall in love with something before you want to make an effort to do something to conserve it."
The foundation grows species including black-tipped spider orchids and sagg spider orchids. One of its successes is the critically endangered golfers leek orchid (Paraprasophyllum incorrectum), known from two sites in the Tasmanian midlands. "We've been working out how to grow it for the last eight years and I think we've finally got it right," Dr Wright said.
Orchid seeds must be colonised by a fungus before they germinate, and finding the right fungus is difficult. "For years we grew it on an oatmeal jelly and this last couple of years we've been trying things like quinoa and polenta and brown rice. The fungus and the orchid combination seems to quite like that." Seedlings are being grown for planting out in native grasslands over the next couple of years.
A scent detection dog is helping map where orchids grow. Miki, a cocker spaniel trained with Canines for Wildlife, found 73 orchids that the team had walked past last year, "including tiny seedlings that were growing in poa tussocks", Dr Wright said. Miki can find both the golfers leek orchid and the threatened Tunbridge leek orchid (Paraprasophyllum tunbridgense), and will join further field surveys in the Tasmanian midlands next month with a second dog.
Dr Kelman said orchid conservation was the project that drew the most interest in the foundation's work. "They are beautiful flowers in the environment, they're unusual. If you think about the engineering world, we've got bridge enthusiasts or the train buffs, so for the plant world it's the orchid enthusiasts."
